Competitive Mobility Project

France

Red Star

2025/26: 4th in Ligue 2

How high can Red Star realistically go?

Based on finishing 4th in Ligue 2 in 2025/26

About 4 in 10

Of the 123 times a club finished in the top half of Ligue 2 without going up between 2004/05 and 2020/21, 53 went up within five seasons.

53 of 123 (43%); likely range 32%–54%, 42 different clubs.

Reached the top flight within ten seasonsabout 7 in 10
55 of 84; range 48%–80%

Red Star itself: none of the last 10 seasons in Ligue 1.

How do we know?

We took every season since 2004/05 in which a club finished in the same part of the same league, and followed each club forward. The figure is the share that reached each goal. Ten-year goals use finishes from 2004/05 to 2015/16, five-year goals from 2004/05 to 2020/21, so every case has had the full time to play out; results run to the end of 2025/26.

It describes what happened to clubs in this position, not a forecast for one club. A club with much more money or history than is usual for its position has better chances than the figure suggests, which is why the club's own record is shown underneath.

The likely range is a 95% interval worked out by resampling clubs rather than seasons, because the same club often appears several times. It is wide where only a few clubs have been in a position, and two leagues whose ranges overlap may not really differ. Reserve teams such as Barcelona B or Real Madrid Castilla are left out of these counts, because they cannot be promoted into their first team's division.

Counts: went up within five seasons: 53 of 123; reached the top flight within ten seasons: 55 of 84.

The story so far

Red Star has played 11 seasons in the divisions covered here since 1993/94: 11 in Ligue 2. It returned to Ligue 2 in 2024/25 after 5 seasons outside the divisions covered, and has been there for 2 seasons. Its best finish was 4th in Ligue 2, in 2025/26. It has been promoted 3 times and relegated 3 times.

Final position each seasonRinged dots are titles
2025/262021/222017/182013/142009/102005/062001/021997/981993/941stLigue 1Ligue 2
How to read this chart

Every club in the divisions covered is placed on one ladder each season: the champions are 1st, and the top club of the second division comes straight after the bottom club of the first. Shaded bands are the divisions. Hover over or tap a dot for the season.

11seasons since 1993/94
0seasons in Ligue 1
0league titles
0top-four finishes
3promotions
3relegations

Against the money

No overall verdict: 3 seasons with published wage figures, fewer than the eight needed.

€5.6mwage bill, 2018/19
35thhighest of 39 clubs with published accounts
20thfinish in Ligue 2, 2018/19
Where Red Star finishedWhere its wage bill normally finishes
1st2018/192016/17Ligue 1Ligue 2
Season by season
SeasonFinishWage billWage rankPlaces above its money
2018/1920th, Ligue 2€5.6m35th of 39-4.9
2016/1719th, Ligue 2€4.7m36th of 38-6.5
2015/165th, Ligue 2€5.5m35th of 38+6.3
How do we know?

For every season, we compare each club's wage bill with the average in the top two divisions, and work out the finish that wage bill usually brings, allowing for differences between seasons and assuming a bigger wage bill never lowers the expected finish. The gap between that and the actual finish, averaged over the seasons, is the figure above. An overall verdict needs at least eight seasons, and a signed number is given only when the gap is clearly larger than chance.

Wage bills are total payroll including social charges from the DNCG's published club accounts, checked against each report's own cost totals. Group (consolidated) accounts are left out.

On average, most of a big over-performance fades: clubs that finished at least four places above their money (on average 6.4 places) were +2.7 places the next season, so about 57% of it disappeared and the rest persisted. Some clubs beat their money season after season. It mixes good management, luck and resources the measure cannot see, so it is not a score for how well a club is run.

Sources